Imagine the classic part of a gray movie: the hero successfully sneaks into an enemy base, then pulls out his Nigu device and places it on the wall. In a few seconds, all the space structure diagrams inside the base are displayed and the screen is on. This kind of technology seen throughout the building prompts cinema to show the color of science fiction in the near future. So, in the real world, how long should such technology be developed?

“There is no need for the future. In fact it is possible now, but it is impossible to take a few moments.” Said Guo Jiaming, a professor in the physics department at Central University. Professor Chen Jianxi of the Department of Geology, Professor Lin Yucheng of the Department of Electrical Engineering, and Professor Lin Sixun of the Institute of Physics of the Academy of Sciences are implementing a project to study this technology, but the main focus of their vision is not on buildings, but on mountains.

A new imaging method for taking X-rays of large objects

Before describing Mayon Imaging, we must first present what “Mayon” is. Moon is one of the primary particles that make up matter. It was first used in 1936 by the physicist Carl Carl. Carl Anderson discovered that electrons, like electrons, belong to leptons. The biggest difference between the two is that the mass of the mun is 210 times heavier than that of the electrons, which gives the mvons the ability to penetrate strongly. Nature’s muon is mainly caused by cosmic rays from space, which affect the gas molecules in the atmosphere, and then comes to the surface through the decay of pi mesons.

Another characteristic of mounds is that in a dense mass its energy is rapidly lost. In the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant restoration project, Mawon detection technology was used to detect highly concentrated radioactive materials such as uranium and plutonium at safe distances to prevent the repair workers from being exposed to radiation, which is not possible with other imaging technologies. With respect to low-density buildings or the structure of the earth, such as mountains and cliffs, muons can penetrate for miles. The basic principle of Mayon imaging is to analyze the number of faces found at different angles and then calculate the inverse density of each part of the detected target. As far as two-point data is concerned, a three-dimensional view structure can be set up like X-rays for buildings and mountains. In Chuo University’s library, it can take a week or more to get good results, although it can not be filmed in a few seconds like a movie.

Teacher Guo Jiaming said that mayonnaise imaging is a term not often heard in Taiwan, but related experiments appeared in the 1950s. The most famous of these was in the 1960s. The research team used mayonnaise without damaging the pyramid structure. Imaging detected hidden chamber inside. Teacher Guo Jiaming studied this technology in 2014 at the High Energy Physics Seminar in Spain.

“I do high energy physics, and people often think that our research results have no application value. At the time, people thought that hearing such a report would do some good for the livelihood and economy of the people. It seems very interesting.” Teacher Guo Jiaming High energy physics seems to me to be the study of elementary particles, which is very pure physics, but this field contributes a lot to human life. Call. Anderson won the Nobel Prize for his discovery of the positron in the same year as the Moon. At that time no one knew how to apply it. But now positron is used to treat cancer. It is a new technology developed from the high. One of them is Energy Physics and Mayon Imaging.

A few years after the conference in Spain, Guo Jiaming had a teaching assistant who found a paper on a new type of Mayon detector and helped two students build their own. A year ago, the Ministry of Science and Technology launched the Shackleton Project to promote cross-field research. After some adjustments, Mr. Guo Jiaming met his former neighbor, Mr. Chen discovered Jianxi and began implementing a plan to try to apply Mayon imaging technology to explore the Earth. Science.

“Our geophysical researchers have always used different methods to measure the physical field at the surface to understand the structure of the earth. We want to actively develop different detection technologies.” Teacher Chen Jianxi said that the traditional method of measuring physical density is the gravitational survey, but the objects found by this method are often in units of several kilometers, and there is no way to make a more detailed discovery. “In Taiwan, we are prone to landslides due to heavy rains, but for no apparent reason. Dangerous slopes are broken in some places and the density is smaller than dense and full-bodied rocks. It can be used in this type of land to detect slope-hazardous land. “As a new technology, Mayon imaging can detect large objects with a resolution of tens of thousands of meters. It has many advantages that Chen Jianxi expects, but of course there are many challenges to overcome.

The first application test to explore the way forward to tunnel engineering

The Miaozi Imaging Application Project, hosted by Guo Jiaming and Chen Jianxi, the research team includes members from various departments, including the Department of Physics, the Department of Geosciences, and the Department of Electrical Engineering. During the first year and a half, the team focused on two goals: developing new detectors and developing an inverse algorithm.

In the field of high energy physics, it is common to write programs and design circuit boards for experiments, said teacher Guo Jiaming. The detector they are currently building is different from the traditional detector used for mavon imaging. It is small in size and requires a voltage as low as 1000 volts to 30 volts. It is more mobile for outdoor experiments. Once the measured data is obtained, an inverse algorithm is required to restore the density of each part of the observation object. Members of the Department of Geosciences are constantly improving the technology of this part. Teacher Chen Jianxi said that the reverse algorithm is actually an important technology in the field of geophysics. It divides the observation object into smaller squares, and estimates the density of each square based on the number of mevons measured at different positions and angles. Teacher Guo Jiaming joked that most people have the impression that physicists are immersed in calculations. .

After a detailed examination, team field detection experiments will begin by the end of 2020. At that time, the amplifying anti-silt tunnel of the Shimen Reservoir was being excavated by Shri. Chen Jianxi was conducting a physical exploration on the spot, and he introduced the team to the construction site to find it. “The drilling process of this tunnel may face a section. Geographically we call it the Syndian fault. The Symbian fault is above the amplifier. There is a very large coal layer. The excavation process will often collect biogas. As he drilled forward, objects in the front rock continued to be found, and the traditional detection method used mechanical waves, but Mr. Chen Jianxhi believed that Mawon Imaging had the potential to replace the traditional method and secure future Flint Road projects. Measured continuously.

Since the vertical muon only passes through the atmosphere, when the detector is deployed directly above, the number of muon measured is the largest. As the elevation angle of the detector decreases and decreases, more obstacles will pass, and as the volume decreases and the muons reach, they will pass in a horizontal direction. The terrain of the amplifier is flatter than expected. Although it is not possible to detect it, the number of detectors must be increased, otherwise the number of experimental days must be increased to obtain sufficient data.

In addition to extending the trial period, the experiment itself went very smoothly, with three months of testing not yet interrupted. High energy physics experiments are usually carried out indoors, where temperature and humidity are strictly controlled. Teacher Guo Jiaming was initially concerned about the doodor experiments, he encountered problems such as inadequate power systems, but the team quickly solved each of them with a new type of detector. It has successfully withstood severe changes in temperature and humidity, and the temperature difference between day and night continues to vary from 20 to 30 degrees Celsius, providing sufficient data to correct the afternoon thunderstorm reversal algorithm for practical application.

After the field test of amplification, the research-development phase of the entire research can be completed and the mass can officially enter the mass production phase. Currently, the area of ​​the team-made detector is 20cmx20cm. In the future, with the increase in the number, it is planned to build larger detectors. By the end of the Shackleton project, it is expected to be four or six times larger than the current one. Double size allows the team to measure mountains and change locations faster, increasing the efficiency of mountain scanning. In a few years, the technology of X-ray mountains and buildings will no longer be science fiction, and the rock layers and mineral veins hidden beneath the surface will be easily presented to us through mavon imaging.

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