The speed of the earth is increasing day by day. spinning fast. With this, Runrano’s days are ‘shortened’! Yes. The shortest day in Earth’s history was recently recorded. With 1.59 milliseconds left to complete 24 hours, the Earth rotates on itself. This is the shortest day recorded since atomic clocks began measuring Earth’s rotation speed. Why is the Earth’s rotation speed increasing? What does this have to do with the length of the day? What happens if the calculation is lost? What is the importance of atomic clocks in measuring time?

GrThe time taken to go round the hall once is called the length of the day. It is calculated based on the difference between the time it takes the planet to complete one rotation on its axis, 86,400 seconds (24 hours). If the planet rotates faster, the length of the day will decrease, if it rotates slower, it will increase. Our Earth takes an average of 24 hours to complete one rotation. But it doesn’t always turn around so quickly. Maybe a little bit here and there. Because of this, the earth has been growing rapidly in the last few decades. The rotation speed increases. We can’t detect it on the order of milliseconds, but atomic clocks can detect it with precision. The days are getting shorter as the speed of the Earth’s rotation increases. A total of 28 ‘short days’ were recorded in 2020! This happened once last year. Recently, once again, Bhumi quickly returned and broke her own record. This trend surprises scientists.

With constant changes..

Why is the speed of the earth increasing? Not sure now. Scientists believe that various factors contribute to this. In fact, Earth’s rotation has slowed over billions of years due to frictional effects associated with the Moon’s tidal forces. But this has changed after the last 20 thousand years. The speed of the earth’s rotation is increasing. At the end of the last ice age, surface pressure decreased due to the melting of ice at the poles. The outer layer of the Earth, the mantle in the middle of the center, gradually began to move towards the poles. As it moves closer to the Earth’s axis, its rotation speed increases. As a result, the length of the day decreased by about 0.6 milliseconds per century. Small earthquakes can also change the length of the day. For example, the 2011 earthquake in Japan is thought to have increased the rotation speed by 1.8 milliseconds. Short-term climate changes can also affect the Earth’s rotation speed. They can speed up or slow down. Seasonal and monthly changes in ocean tides, ocean currents, seasonal snow, precipitation, and groundwater recharge can affect rotation speed. The speed of the earth can also change as the ice sheets melt and cool in high mountains.

Chandler’s Wobble: The ‘Shandler wobble’ effect is one of the factors that lead to an increase in the speed of the Earth’s rotation. The slight difference in the Earth’s axis relative to the solid surface is called the Chandler wobble. Earth’s axis appears fixed. But it oscillates very slowly, as the dwarf spins. As part of this process, the shift in axis causes the Earth to spin faster.

A second may need to be removed

I can’t imagine what would happen if the speed of the earth increased. Technologies such as GPS require accurate timing to function properly. So scientists warn that if Earth’s speed continues to increase like this, one second will have to be removed from the clocks ahead (negative leap second). The leap second system came into existence in the early 1970s. So far 27 leap seconds have been added (positive leap seconds) but not removed. As the speed of the earth increases, a second may need to be removed a day. This is said to have a huge impact on technology and cause major headaches for hardware companies. Removing a second from the day is largely untested. Therefore, if the latter is removed, there is concern that it will have a significant impact on the software that runs based on the timers. Most computer servers today use a single system for storing date and time in 32-bit integers. It is counted in seconds since January 1, 1970. It is described as Yuga. Performance of these servers may suffer due to leap seconds. Internet services may be interrupted.

Time principle connection

Each region has its own time zone. But how is the whole world connected at the same time? This is because everyone adjusts their clocks according to the internationally agreed Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). Time recorded in hundreds of atomic clocks (International Atomic Time). UTC is determined based on the Earth’s rotation (Universal Time). Countries determine their local time by adding or subtracting time to UTC depending on their location on Earth. UTC came into use in the 1960s after Louis Essen designed the first atomic clock. The problem of the seconds hand turning too fast or too slow was solved with the invention of the atomic clock. There are currently 400 stationary atomic clocks in operation worldwide. Each clock sends signals to the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in France. This organization compares these once a month and determines the International Atomic Time. It tells the time very accurately. Theoretically, our Earth rotates on its axis every 24 hours. In fact its speed is never the same. One day you can move fast and one day you can move slowly. Given these differences, atomic time is slightly ahead. If the clocks are adjusted accordingly, the meal times will have to be changed. This is why the Earth’s rotation speed is taken into account in determining UTC. The International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS) monitors the Earth’s rotation. Earth time is measured by looking at the stars as the Earth rotates. This is combined with International Atomic Time, which ultimately determines the Coordinated Universal Time.

How do atomic clocks work?

Atomic clocks measure time with the help of oscillators. They swing back and forth rhythmically like a pendulum. The faster it swings, the more accurate the time will be. Often a quartz crystal oscillator. It vibrates millions of times per second, creating a wave. This wave oscillates up and down in a regular pattern. The problem – it’s not consistent. Accurate timing is critical in critical situations such as the launch of satellites. Quartz watches cannot give accurate time. To overcome this, scientists have linked quartz crystals to the natural resonances of atoms. Molecules change energy levels when exposed to specific wavelengths. By detecting these changes it is possible to observe the vibration of quartz crystals. With this, quartz clocks can be corrected immediately if they shift back and forth with time. This is the main principle in atomic clocks.