Since the arrival of the Insight spacecraft on Mars in 2018, NASA has for the first time revealed the details of a study of the depths of the planet.

Its internal structure was studied through a series of seismic movements recorded on the planet, which made it possible to estimate the size, thickness, and structure of the crust and mantle, and was published according to a series of articles. Publish Science.

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Based on research Dozens of “Martmotos” seismic signals collected by the SEIS seismometer of the US agency NASA’s Insight Mission A lander landed on Mars in 2018 to penetrate its surface.

This is the first seismic exploration of the internal structure of a Telluric planet other than Earth, and it is the first time that direct measurements have been obtained, explained Martin Shimmel, a researcher at the Geosciences Barcelona (Geo3BCN-CSIIC). Participants in two studies.

According to the latest estimates, Mars will have a fluid core of 1,790 to 1,870 km. It is a size that indicates the presence of light elements such as sulfur, oxygen or hydrogen inside it, mainly composed of iron and nickel.

The size of the core and the internal structure of the planet are important in the convective processes of the mantle that manifests itself on the surface, volcanic and tectonic activity.

The thickness and structure of the crust are the subject of a second study coordinated by the Paris Institute of Physics of the Globe (IPGP). Analyzes the behavior of seismic waves and ambient seismic noise below the insite landing site.

At this point, the crust presents two levels or suspensions, the first of which is about ten kilometers deep and one of twenty kilometers, which experts describe as “the base of the crust”.

According to Shimmel, a third layer 39 km away has not been defined, although data are not conclusive.

If the models were based on the orbit of the moons and the analysis of its surface, the internal structure of Mars would not have been known yet.This indicated that the nucleus was 1,400 to 2,000 km long and that the crust was 30 to 100 km thick.

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